Tenured researcher at the Institute of Economic Research of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM). He is a member of CONACYT's National System of Researchers and has been awarded several prizes and recognitions throughout his career, including the National University Prize for Economic Research in 2021.

He holds a BA in Finance from Fordham University in New York, an MSc in International Finance from the London Business School, and a PhD in History and Philosophy from the University of Bergen. He has also received an Honorary Doctorate from the Universidad Nacional de San Agustín in Peru.

His areas of interest include international financial architecture, Latin American financial integration, the history of Latin American economic thought, international economics, global political economy and changes in the energy matrix.

He has published 30 books, 103 articles and 49 book chapters. He is currently working on a research project on China and the changing energy matrix in Mexico, from a global political economy perspective. He is also the coordinator of the Economic Observatory of Latin America (OBELA) and a Mexican Academy of Sciences member since 2020.